The composition of the website

Components of URL

Scheme: the name of the scheme or protocol, such as http, https, ftp, etc.

Host: hostname, which can be IP or domain name

Port: Port number, which can sometimes be omitted. Browsers and other clients will use the default port number according to scheme. For example, the default port number of HTTP is 80Tech HTTPS. The default port number is 443.

Path: marks the location of the resource. The default is /, starting with "/".

The form of query:key-value, such as https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword=openresty&enc=utf-8&qrst=1

In addition:

# fragment ": an" anchor "or" tag "inside the resource located by URI, and the browser can jump directly to the location indicated by it after obtaining the resource.

Coding problems with URI:

Only ASCII code can be used in URI

URI introduces a coding mechanism to do a special operation on the character set and special characters outside the ASCII code to convert them into a form that does not conflict with the semantics of URI, commonly known as "escape".

For example, spaces are escaped to "% 20", "?" Escaped to "3F"