Postfix, dovecot configuration
(1) postfix configuration
One configuration dns
1 yum install bind-y
2 systemctl start named
3 vim / etc/named.conf
Content:
Options {
/ / listen-on port 53 {127.0.0.1;}
/ / listen-on-v6 port 53 {:: 1;}
Directory "/ var/named"
Dump-file "/ var/named/data/cache_dump.db"
Statistics-file "/ var/named/data/named_stats.txt"
Memstatistics-file "/ var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"
/ / allow-query {localhost;}
Whether dnssec-validation no;### is legal, that is, whether it can act as a dns on the public network. If there is no application, write no###.
4 vim / etc/named.rfc1912.zones
Content:
Zone "westos.com" IN {
Type master
File "westos.com.zone"
Allow-update {none;}
}
Zone "qq.com" IN {
Type master
File "qq.com.zone"
Allow-update {none;}
}
5 cd / var/named/
6 cp-p named.localhost westos.com.zone
7 vim westos.com.zone
Content:
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.westos.com. Root.westos.com. (
0; serial
1D; refresh
1H; retry
1W; expire
3H); minimum
NS dns.westos.com.
Dns A 172.25.254.112
Westos.com. MX 1 172.25.254.112.
8 cp-p westos.com.zone qq.com.zone
9 vim qq.com.zone
Content:
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.qq.com. Root.qq.com. (
0; serial
1D; refresh
1H; retry
1W; expire
3H); minimum
NS dns.qq.com.
Dns A 172.25.254.112
Qq.com. MX 1 172.25.254.212.
10 systemctl restart named
11 systemctl stop firewalld.service
12 systemctl disable firewalld.service
Basic E-mail delivery
1) postfix definition:
Postfix provides smtp protocol for mail delivery. The default port is 25 and the log is / var/log/maillog.
MDA: "Mail sending Agent"
2) important Postfix configuration instructions
1 myorigin:
Rewrite locally published e-mail messages so that they appear to be from this domain. This helps ensure that the response is returned to the inbound mail server
Default: myorigin = $myhostname
2 inet_interfaces:
Controls the network interface on which Postfix listens for incoming e-mail. If set to loopback-only, only listen for 127.0.0.1 and:: 1
If set to all, listen on all network interfaces. You can also specify a specific address.
Default: inet_interfaces = localhost
3 mydestination:
Emails received at these domains are delivered to MDA for local delivery.
Default: mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost
4 mynetworks
A comma-separated list of IP addresses and networks (in CIDR notation). These addresses and networks can be forwarded to the
Any location without further authentication.
Default: mynetworks = 127.0.0.0Comp8
3) send mail
Email sender:
1 vim / etc/postfix/main.cf### Edit the main configuration file of postfix #
Content:
116 inet_interfaces = Network interface with the all###25 port up by default, Postfix listens only for incoming emails from the local host. To reconfigure postfix to receive messages sent from a remote host
Local mail sent, inet_interfaces = all### must be set
76 myhostname = westos-mail.westos.com### specifies the mta host name #
83 mydomain = westos.com### specifies the domain name of mta #
99 myorigin = westos.com### specifies the end of the message source (the character content after @)
Mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost### accept the specified # of the end character of the message
2 systemctl restart postfix.service### restart service #
3. Systemctl stop firewalld###, turn off firewall #
4 mail root@qq.com### send email #
Subject: hello
Hello
. # to "." Indicates the end #
EOT
5 mailq (or postqueue-p) # displays a list of all outgoing messages that have been queued #
6 postqueue-fallow email # send all queued messages immediately again #
The receiving end:
1 vim / etc/postfix/main.cf
Content:
116 inet_interfaces = all # the network interface opened on port 25. By default, Postfix listens only for incoming emails from the local host. To reconfigure postfix to receive messages sent from a remote host
Local mail sent, inet_interfaces = all### must be set
76 myhostname = qq-mail.westos.com # specify the mta host name #
83 mydomain = qq.com # specify the domain name of mta #
99 myorigin = $mydomain # specify the end of the message source (the character content after @)
Mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost # accept the specified # of the end character of the message
2 systemctl restart postfix.service
3 systemctl stop firewalld.service
4. Mail### to view the obtained email #
The process is as follows:
Email end:
[root@westos-mail named] # vim / etc/postfix/main.cf
116 inet_interfaces = network interface with all###25 port open #
76 myhostname = westos-mail.westos.com### specifies the mta host name #
83 mydomain = westos.com### specifies the domain name of mta #
99 myorigin = westos.com### specifies the end of the message source (the character content after @)
Mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost### accept the specified # of the end character of the message
[root@westos-mail named] # systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@westos-mail named] # systemctl stop firewalld
[root@westos-mail named] # mail root@qq.com
Subject: hello
Hello
.
EOT
[root@westos-mail named] # mailq
Mail queue is empty
[root@westos-mail named] #
The receiving end:
[root@qq-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/main.cf
116 inet_interfaces = all # Network interface opened on port 25 #
76 myhostname = qq-mail.qq.com # specify the mta host name #
83 mydomain = qq.com # specify the domain name of mta #
99 myorigin = $mydomain # specify the end of the message source (the character content after @)
Mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost # accept the specified # of the end character of the message
[root@qq-mail ~] # systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@qq-mail ~] # systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@qq-mail ~] # mailq
Mail queue is empty
You have mail in / var/spool/mail/root
[root@qq-mail ~] # cat / var/spool/mail/root
From root@westos.com Sat May 20 03:13:41 2017
Return-Path:
X-Original-To: root@qq.com
Delivered-To: root@qq.com
Received: from westos-mail.westos.com (unknown [172.25.254.112])
By qq-mail.westos.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3442417E84B
For; Sat, 20 May 2017 03:13:41-0400 (EDT)
Received: by westos-mail.westos.com (Postfix, from userid 0)
Id CD43D2462AE; Sat, 20 May 2017 03:13:40-0400 (EDT)
Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 03:13:40-0400
To: root@qq.com
Subject: hello
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7-5-10
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Three mail aliases
The receiving end:
1 vim / etc/aliases
Content:
Admin: root
Alias, real name.
2 postalias / etc/aliases### takes effect immediately #
3 systemctl restart postfix.service### restart service #
Test:
Email end:
1 mail admin@qq.com
Subject: haa
Haa
.
EOT
2 mailq
The receiving end:
The process is as follows:
Email end:
[root@westos-mail ~] # mail admin@qq.com
Subject: haa
Haa
.
EOT
[root@westos-mail ~] # mailq
Mail queue is empty
Email recipient:
[root@qq-mail ~] # vim / etc/aliases
[root@qq-mail ~] # postalias / etc/aliases # effective immediately #
[root@qq-mail ~] # systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@qq-mail ~] # mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7-5-10. Type? For help.
"/ var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 1 new 3 unread
U 1 root Sat May 20 03:13 22 amp 741 "hello"
U 2 root Sat May 20 03:25 22 amp 747 "world"
> N 3 root Sat May 20 04:09 21 amp 731 "haa"
& Q
Held 3 messages in / var/spool/mail/root
You have mail in / var/spool/mail/root
Four e-mails are sent in groups
The receiving end:
1 vim / etc/aliases
Content:
Moreuser:: include:/etc/postfix/moreuser
Alias
2 vim / etc/postfix/moreuser
Content:
Student
Root
3 postalias / etc/aliases### takes effect immediately #
4 systemctl restart postfix.service### restart service #
Test:
Email end:
1 mail moreuser@qq.com
Subject: hello
Kaa
.
EOT
2 mailq
Email recipient:
1 mail-u student # View student email #
2 mail-u root # View root email #
The process is as follows:
Email end:
[root@westos-mail ~] # mail moreuser@qq.com
Subject: hello
Kaa
.
EOT
[root@westos-mail ~] # mailq
Mail queue is empty
[root@qq-mail ~] # vim / etc/aliases
Moreuser:: include:/etc/postfix/moreuser
Alias
[root@qq-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/moreuser
Student
Root
Email recipient:
[root@qq-mail ~] # postalias / etc/aliases
[root@qq-mail ~] # systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@qq-mail ~] # > / var/spool/mail/root
[root@qq-mail ~] # mail-u student # View student email #
No mail for student
[root@qq-mail ~] # mail-u root # View root email #
No mail for root
[root@qq-mail] # mail-u root
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7-5-10. Type? For help.
"/ var/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
N 1 root Sat May 20 04:12 24 amp 868 "hello"
& Q
Held 1 message in / var/mail/root
[root@qq-mail] # mail-u student
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7-5-10. Type? For help.
"/ var/mail/student": 1 message 1 new
> N 1 root Sat May 20 04:12 24 amp 871 "hello"
& Q
Held 1 message in / var/mail/student
You have mail in / var/spool/mail/root
Fifth, test the mail service through the remote host
1 telnet 172.25.254.112 25 # connection to port 25 # of 172.25.254.112
Trying 172.25.254.112...
Connected to 172.25.254.112.
Escape character is'^]'.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
Ehlo hello # say hello to the 112 host # #
250-westos-mail.westos.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
Mail from:root@westos.com # email sent from root@westos.com #
250 2.1.0 Ok
Rcpt to:root@qq.com # email to root@qq.com###
250 2.1.5 Ok
Data # email content #
354 End data with.
Hello world
Hai
. # # to "." Indicates the end #
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as EEB672462AF
Six deny remote host connection
1 postconf-e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access" # use the smtpd_client_restrictions parameter to detect / etc/postfix/access, but what is really detected is the encrypted file access.db####
2 vim / etc/postfix/main.cf
3 vim / etc/postfix/access### edits the host you refused to connect to #
Content:
172.25.254.12 REJECT
4 postmap / etc/postfix/access # encryption #
5 cd / etc/postfix/### encrypted files in this directory #
6 systemctl restart postfix.service
Test:
Telnet 172.25.254.112 25
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-d | grep client### displays the default value of client # #
Broken_sasl_auth_clients = no
Local_header_rewrite_clients = permit_inet_interfaces
Parent_domain_matches_subdomains = debug_peer_list,fast_flush_domains,mynetworks,permit_mx_backup_networks,qmqpd_authorized_clients,relay_domains,smtpd_access_maps
Postscreen_client_connection_count_limit = $smtpd_client_connection_count_limit
Qmqpd_authorized_clients =
Qmqpd_client_port_logging = no
Relay_clientcerts =
Smtpd_authorized_verp_clients = $authorized_verp_clients
Smtpd_authorized_xclient_hosts =
Smtpd_client_connection_count_limit = 50
Smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit = 0
Smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions = ${smtpd_client_connection_limit_exceptions:$mynetworks}
Smtpd_client_message_rate_limit = 0
Smtpd_client_new_tls_session_rate_limit = 0
Smtpd_client_port_logging = no
Smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit = 0
Smtpd_client_restrictions =
Unknown_client_reject_code = 450
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access" # use the smtpd_client_restrictions parameter to detect / etc/postfix/access, but what is really detected is the encrypted file access.db####
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/main.cf
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/access
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/access
[root@westos-mail ~] # postmap / etc/postfix/access # encryption #
[root@westos-mail ~] # ls
Anaconda-ks.cfg Documents Music Public Videos
Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates
[root@westos-mail ~] # cd / etc/postfix/
[root@westos-mail postfix] # ls
Access generic master.cf virtual
Access.db header_checks relocated
Canonical main.cf transport
[root@westos-mail postfix] #
Test:
[root@foundation12 Desktop] # telnet 172.25.254.112 25
Trying 172.25.254.112...
Connected to 172.25.254.112.
Escape character is'^]'.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
Mail from:root@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
Rcpt to:root@qq.com
554 5.7.1: Client host rejected: Access denied
Q
502 5.5.2 Error: command not recognized
Quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@foundation12 Desktop] #
Seventh, restrict remote host connection users from sending
Connected hosts:
1 postconf-d | grep sender### view parameter #
2 postconf-e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender" # use smtpd_sender_restrictions parameter to detect
/ etc/postfix/sender file #
3. Vim / etc/postfix/sender### edit file #
Content:
Student@westos.com REJECT### refuses student@westos.com users to send #
4 postmap / etc/postfix/sender### encryption #
5 cd / etc/postfix/### encrypted files are in this directory
6 systemctl restart postfix.service### restart service #
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-d | grep sender
Address_verify_sender = $double_bounce_sender
Address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps = $sender_dependent_default_transport_maps
Address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps = $sender_dependent_relayhost_maps
Address_verify_sender_ttl = 0s
Canonical_classes = envelope_sender, envelope_recipient, header_sender, header_recipient
Double_bounce_sender = double-bounce
Lmtp_sender_dependent_authentication = no
Masquerade_classes = envelope_sender, header_sender, header_recipient
Proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $smtpd_sender_login_maps $sender_bcc_maps $recipient_bcc_maps $smtp_generic_maps $lmtp_generic_maps $alias_maps
Sender_bcc_maps =
Sender_canonical_classes = envelope_sender, header_sender
Sender_canonical_maps =
Sender_dependent_default_transport_maps =
Sender_dependent_relayhost_maps =
Smtp_sender_dependent_authentication = no
Smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no
Smtpd_sender_login_maps =
Smtpd_sender_restrictions =
Unverified_sender_defer_code = 450
Unverified_sender_reject_code = 450
Unverified_sender_reject_reason =
Unverified_sender_tempfail_action = $reject_tempfail_action
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_acess hash:/etc/postfix/sender"
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/sender
[root@westos-mail ~] # postmap / etc/postfix/sender
[root@westos-mail ~] # systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@westos-mail ~] # systemctl start named
[root@westos-mail ~] # systemctl stop firewalld
[root@westos-mail postfix] # ls
Access canonical header_checks master.cf sender transport
Access.db generic main.cf relocated sender.db virtual
Test:
[kiosk@foundation12 Desktop] $telnet 172.25.254.112 25
Trying 172.25.254.112...
Connected to 172.25.254.112.
Escape character is'^]'.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
Mail from:student@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
Rcpt to:root@westos.com
554 5.7.1: Client host rejected: Access denied
Quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
[kiosk@foundation12 Desktop] $
Eight restrict users to receive
The receiving end:
1 postconf-e "smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip"
2 vim / etc/postfix/recip
Content:
Westos@westos.com REJECT### restricts westos@wests.com users to receive #
3 postmap / etc/postfix/recip # encryption #
4 systemctl restart postfix.service
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip"
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/recip
Westos@westos.com REJECT
[root@westos-mail ~] # postmap / etc/postfix/recip
[root@westos-mail ~] # systemctl restart postfix.service
Test:
[kiosk@foundation12 Desktop] $telnet 172.25.254.112 25
Trying 172.25.254.112...
Connected to 172.25.254.112.
Escape character is'^]'.
220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix
Mail from:westos@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
Rcpt to:root@westos.com
250 2.1.5 Ok
Data
354 End data with.
Hello
Hello
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as D00F9EAC27
Mail from:root@westos.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
Rcpt to:westos@westos.com
554 5.7.1: Recipient address rejected: Access denied
421 4.4.2 westos-mail.westos.com Error: timeout exceeded
Connection closed by foreign host.
Nine inbound address translation
Email sender:
1 postconf-e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"
2 vim / etc/postfix/generic
3 postmap / etc/postfix/generic
Westos@westos.com hello@haa.com
Real user virtual user
4 postmap / etc/postfix/generic### encryption #
Test:
Su-westos
Mail root@qq.com
The process is as follows:
Email sender:
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-d | grep generic
Lmtp_generic_maps =
Proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $smtpd_sender_login_maps $sender_bcc_maps $recipient_bcc_maps $smtp_generic_maps $lmtp_generic_maps $alias_maps
Smtp_generic_maps =
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/postfix/generic
[root@westos-mail ~] # postmap / etc/postfix/generic
Test:
Email sender:
[root@westos-mail ~] # su-westos
[westos@westos-mail ~] $mail root@qq.com
Subject: hello hello
Hello
.
EOT
[westos@westos-mail ~] $mailq
Mail queue is empty
Recipient of the message:
[root@qq-mail ~] # mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7-5-10. Type? For help.
"/ var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 1 new
1 root Sat May 20 04:12 25 amp 879 "hello"
2 root@westos.com Sat May 20 04:36 15/510
> N 3 hello@haa.com Sat May 20 22:32 21 amp 725 "hello hello"
& 3
Message 3:
From hello@haa.com Sat May 20 22:32:21 2017
Return-Path: # name has changed #
X-Original-To: root@qq.com
Delivered-To: root@qq.com
Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 22:32:23-0400
To: root@qq.com
Subject: hello hello
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7-5-10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: hello@haa.com
Status: R
Hello
&
Ten outbound address translation
1) do dns parsing first:
1 vim / etc/named.rfc1912.zones
Content:
Zone "haa.com" IN {
Type master
File "haa.com.zone"
Allow-update {none;}
}
2 cd / var/named/
3 cp-p qq.com.zone haa.com.zone
4 vim haa.com.zone
Content:
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.haa.com. Root.haa.com. (
0; serial
1D; refresh
1H; retry
1W; expire
3H); minimum
NS dns.haa.com.
Dns A 172.25.254.112
Haa.com. MX 1 172.25.254.112.room# is the ip### of the real name host
~
5 systemctl restart named
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail westos] # vim / etc/named.rfc1912.zones
Zone "haa.com" IN {
Type master
File "haa.com.zone"
Allow-update {none;}
}
[root@westos-mail named] # cd / var/named/
[root@westos-mail named] # ls
Data named.ca named.localhost qq.com.zone westos.com.zone
Dynamic named.empty named.loopback slaves
[root@westos-mail named] # cp-p qq.com.zone haa.com.zone
[root@westos-mail named] # vim haa.com.zone
$TTL 1D
@ IN SOA dns.haa.com. Root.haa.com. (
0; serial
1D; refresh
1H; retry
1W; expire
3H); minimum
NS dns.haa.com.
Dns A 172.25.254.112
Haa.com. MX 1 172.25.254.112.
~
[root@westos-mail named] # systemctl restart named
2) configuration
1 postconf-e "virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual"
2 vim / etc/postfix/virtual
Content:
Hello@haa.com westos@westos.com
Alias real name
3 postmap / etc/postfix/virtual### encryption #
4 systemctl restart postfix.service
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail named] # postconf-d | grep virtual
Address_verify_virtual_transport = $virtual_transport
Propagate_unmatched_extensions = canonical, virtual
Proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $smtpd_sender_login_maps $sender_bcc_maps $recipient_bcc_maps $smtp_generic_maps $lmtp_generic_maps $alias_maps
Unknown_virtual_alias_reject_code = 5505
Unknown_virtual_mailbox_reject_code = 5505
Virtual_alias_domains = $virtual_alias_maps
Virtual_alias_expansion_limit = 1000
Virtual_alias_maps = $virtual_maps
Virtual_alias_recursion_limit = 1000
Virtual_delivery_slot_cost = $default_delivery_slot_cost
Virtual_delivery_slot_discount = $default_delivery_slot_discount
Virtual_delivery_slot_loan = $default_delivery_slot_loan
Virtual_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit
Virtual_destination_concurrency_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_limit
Virtual_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback
Virtual_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback
Virtual_destination_rate_delay = $default_destination_rate_delay
Virtual_destination_recipient_limit = $default_destination_recipient_limit
Virtual_extra_recipient_limit = $default_extra_recipient_limit
Virtual_gid_maps =
Virtual_initial_destination_concurrency = $initial_destination_concurrency
Virtual_mailbox_base =
Virtual_mailbox_domains = $virtual_mailbox_maps
Virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000
Virtual_mailbox_lock = fcntl, dotlock
Virtual_mailbox_maps =
Virtual_minimum_delivery_slots = $default_minimum_delivery_slots
Virtual_minimum_uid = 100
Virtual_recipient_limit = $default_recipient_limit
Virtual_recipient_refill_delay = $default_recipient_refill_delay
Virtual_recipient_refill_limit = $default_recipient_refill_limit
Virtual_transport = virtual
Virtual_uid_maps =
[root@westos-mail named] # postconf-e "virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual"
[root@westos-mail named] # vim / etc/postfix/virtual
Hello@haa.com westos@westos.com
Alias real name
[root@westos-mail named] # postmap / etc/postfix/virtual### encryption #
[root@westos-mail named] # systemctl restart postfix.service
Test:
Email sender:
1 mail hello@haa.com### email #
2 mailq
Email receiver:
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail named] # mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7-5-10. Type? For help.
"/ var/spool/mail/westos": 1 message 1 new
N 1 root Sat May 20 22:42 21 amp 719 "hai"
& 1
Message 1:
From root@qq.com Sat May 20 22:42:59 2017
Return-Path:
X-Original-To: hello@haa.com
Delivered-To: westos@westos.com
Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 22:42:58-0400
To: hello@haa.com
Subject: hai
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7-5-10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: root@qq.com (root)
Status: R
Hai
&
[root@qq-mail ~] # mail hello@haa.com### email #
Subject: hai
Hai
.
EOT
[root@qq-mail ~] # mailq
Mail queue is empty
[root@qq-mail ~] #
(2) dovecot configuration
One definition:
Dovecot is used to provide pickup protocols.
Protocol: Port:
Pop3110
Imap143
Imaps993
Pop3s995
Given the user name and password, the dovecot program takes us to see the user's mail file.
Second configuration
1 vim / etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf### who can access and pass authentication #
Content:
24 protocols = imap pop3 lmtp### Open pickup Protocol #
48 login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0 Universe # allow everyone to connect #
49 disable_plaintext_auth = no### supports plaintext #
2 what file vim / etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf### takes the user to see #
Content:
30 mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
3 mkdir / etc/skel/mail/.imap-paired directory # create a directory in the user skeleton file, then all newly created users have the directory #
4 touch / etc/skel/mail/.imap/INBOX
5 mkdir / home/westos/mail/.imap-paired directory # if it is a pre-existing user, create a separate directory, because the user's directory # is not found in the user skeleton file
6 touch / home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail ~] # yum install dovecot-y
[root@westos-mail ~] # systemctl start dovecot
[root@westos-mail ~] # netstat-anplte | grep dovecot
Tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0 5989/dovecot 993 0.0.0.0 5989/dovecot
Tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0 5989/dovecot 995 0.0.0.0 5989/dovecot
Tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0 5989/dovecot 110 0.0.0.0 5989/dovecot
Tcp 0 0 0.0.0 0 5989/dovecot 143 0.0.0 0 5989/dovecot
Tcp6 0 0: 993: * LISTEN 0 92794 5989/dovecot
Tcp6 0 0: 995: * LISTEN 0 92770 5989/dovecot
Tcp6 0 0: 110: * LISTEN 0 92768 5989/dovecot
Tcp6 0 0: 143: * LISTEN 0 92792 5989/dovecot
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
[root@westos-mail ~] # vim / etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
[root@westos-mail ~] # systemctl restart dovecot.service
[root@westos-mail ~] # mkdir / etc/skel/mail/.imap-p
[root@westos-mail ~] # touch / etc/skel/mail/.imap/INBOX
[root@westos-mail ~] # passwd westos
Changing password for user westos.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
Passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@westos-mail ~] # mkdir / home/westos/mail/.imap-p
[root@westos-mail ~] # touch / home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX
Test:
Mutt-f pop://westos@172.25.254.112
Three profix+mysql
1) preparatory work:
1 yum install httpd php php-mysql.x86_64 mariadb-server.x86_64-y
2 vim / etc/my.cnf
Content:
Skip-networking = 1
3 mysql_secure_installation # Database initialization #
4 cd / var/www/html/
5 tar jxf phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
6 mv phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages/ myadmin
7 cd myadmin/
8 cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
9 vim config.inc.php
10 systemctl restart httpd
11 create user postuser@localhost identified by 'postuser'
12 create db, usermessage,dbuser
2) configuration
1 cd / etc/postfix/
2 vim mailuser.cf### user name query #
Content:
Hosts = host where the localhost### database resides #
User = postuser### user logging into the database #
Password = postuser### login password #
Dbname = name of the library to be queried by email###postfix #
Table = name of the table to be queried by emailuser###postfix #
Select_field = the field to be queried by username###postfix #
Where_field = query condition of postfix given by username### user #
3 query the domain name of cp mailuser.cf maildomain.cf### users #
4 vim maildomain.cf
Hosts = localhost
User = postuser
Password = postuser
Dbname = email
Table = emailuser
Select_field = domain
Where_field = domain
5 cp mailuser.cf mailbox.cf
6 vim mailbox.cf # user mailbox query #
Hosts = localhost
User = postuser
Password = postuser
Dbname = email
Table = emailuser
Select_field = maildir
Where_field = username
7 postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf # check whether the user name will be output. If so, it means that the user name is written correctly.
8 postmap-Q "lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf
9 postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
3) postfix configuration
1 groupadd-g 666 vmail
2 useradd-s / sbin/nologin-u 666 vmail-g 666
3 postconf-d | grep virtual
4 postconf-e "virtual_mailbox_base = / home/vmail" # set the mail directory of the virtual user #
5 postconf-e "virtual_uid_maps = static:666" # uid### of files created by virtual users
6 postconf-e "virtual_gid_maps = static:666" # gid### of the virtual user's creation file
7 postconf-e "virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf"
8 postconf-e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf"
9 postconf-e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf"
Whether the test is written correctly: if it exists, it means it is written correctly.
Ll / etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
Ll / etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
Ll / etc/postfix/maildomain.cf
Test:
Mail lee@lee.com### to see if you can use the user in the database to send email #
The process is as follows:
[root@westos-mail myadmin] # cd / etc/postfix/
[root@westos-mail postfix] # vim mailuser.cf
Hosts = localhost
User = postuser
Password = postuser
Dbname = email
Table = emailuser
Select_field = username
Where_field = username
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:mailuser.cf
Postmap: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: mailuser.cf_dbname =
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
[root@westos-mail postfix] # vim mailuser.cf
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
Lee@lee.com
[root@westos-mail postfix] # cp mailuser.cf maildomain.cf
[root@westos-mail postfix] # vim maildomain.cf
Hosts = localhost
User = postuser
Password = postuser
Dbname = email
Table = emailuser
Select_field = domain
Where_field = domain
~
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf
Lee.com,lee.com
[root@westos-mail postfix] # cp mailuser.cf mailbox.cf
[root@westos-mail postfix] # vim mailbox.cf
Hosts = localhost
User = postuser
Password = postuser
Dbname = email
Table = emailuser
Select_field = maildir
Where_field = username
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
Postmap: warning: mysql query failed: Unknown column 'madir' in' field list'
Postmap: fatal: table mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf: query error: Success
[root@westos-mail postfix] # vim mailbox.cf
[root@westos-mail postfix] # postmap-Q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
/ mnt/lee.com/lee
[root@westos-mail postfix] #
[root@westos-mail] # groupadd-g 666 vmail
[root@westos-mail] # useradd-s / sbin/nologin-u 666 vmail-g 666
[root@westos-mail ~] # id vmail
Uid=666 (vmail) gid=666 (vmail) groups=666 (vmail)
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-d | grep virtual
Address_verify_virtual_transport = $virtual_transport
Propagate_unmatched_extensions = canonical, virtual
Proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $smtpd_sender_login_maps $sender_bcc_maps $recipient_bcc_maps $smtp_generic_maps $lmtp_generic_maps $alias_maps
Unknown_virtual_alias_reject_code = 5505
Unknown_virtual_mailbox_reject_code = 5505
Virtual_alias_domains = $virtual_alias_maps
Virtual_alias_expansion_limit = 1000
Virtual_alias_maps = $virtual_maps
Virtual_alias_recursion_limit = 1000
Virtual_delivery_slot_cost = $default_delivery_slot_cost
Virtual_delivery_slot_discount = $default_delivery_slot_discount
Virtual_delivery_slot_loan = $default_delivery_slot_loan
Virtual_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit
Virtual_destination_concurrency_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_limit
Virtual_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback
Virtual_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback
Virtual_destination_rate_delay = $default_destination_rate_delay
Virtual_destination_recipient_limit = $default_destination_recipient_limit
Virtual_extra_recipient_limit = $default_extra_recipient_limit
Virtual_gid_maps =
Virtual_initial_destination_concurrency = $initial_destination_concurrency
Virtual_mailbox_base =
Virtual_mailbox_domains = $virtual_mailbox_maps
Virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000
Virtual_mailbox_lock = fcntl, dotlock
Virtual_mailbox_maps =
Virtual_minimum_delivery_slots = $default_minimum_delivery_slots
Virtual_minimum_uid = 100
Virtual_recipient_limit = $default_recipient_limit
Virtual_recipient_refill_delay = $default_recipient_refill_delay
Virtual_recipient_refill_limit = $default_recipient_refill_limit
Virtual_transport = virtual
Virtual_uid_maps =
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "virtual_mailbox_base = / home/vmail"
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "virtual_uid_maps = static:666"
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "virtual_gid_maps = static:666"
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf"
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfi/maildomain.cf
[root@westos-mail ~] # postconf-e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf"
[root@westos-mail ~] # ll / etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 134 May 21 04:06 / etc/postfix/mailuser.cf
[root@westos-mail ~] # ll / etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 133 May 21 04:21 / etc/postfix/mailbox.cf
[root@westos-mail ~] # ll / etc/postfix/maildomain.cf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 130 May 21 04:19 / etc/postfix/maildomain.cf
[root@westos-mail ~] # cd / home/vmail/
[root@westos-mail vmail] # ls
[root@westos-mail vmail] # mail lee@lee.com
Subject: hello
Hello hello
.
EOT
[root@westos-mail vmail] # mailq
Mail queue is empty
[root@westos-mail vmail] # ls
Lee.com mail
[root@westos-mail vmail] # cd lee.com/
[root@westos-mail lee.com] # ls
Lee
[root@westos-mail lee.com] # cd lee/
[root@westos-mail lee] # ls
Cur new tmp
[root@westos-mail lee] # cd new/
[root@westos-mail new] # cat new/
Cat: new/: No such file or directory
[root@westos-mail new] # cd ne
-bash: cd: ne: No such file or directory
[root@westos-mail new] # cd new/
-bash: cd: new/: No such file or directory
[root@westos-mail new] #
[root@westos-mail new] # ls
1495357341.Vfd01I30059aaM65037.westos-mail.westos.com
[root@westos-mail new] # cat 1495357341.Vfd01I30059aaM65037.westos-mail.westos.com
Return-Path:
X-Original-To: lee@lee.com
Delivered-To: lee@lee.com
Received: by westos-mail.westos.com (Postfix, from userid 0)
Id DF62F273AC2; Sun, 21 May 2017 05:02:20-0400 (EDT)
Date: Sun, 21 May 2017 05:02:20-0400
To: lee@lee.com
Subject: hello
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7-5-10
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Message-Id:
From: root@westos.com (root)
Hello hello
