How to draw cubes by python
Editor to share with you how to draw a cube python, I believe that most people do not know much about it, so share this article for your reference, I hope you will learn a lot after reading this article, let's go to understand it!
Each column of the cube has a different color:
# Import librariesimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltfrom mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3Dimport numpy as np # Create axisaxes = [5pint 5] # Create Datadata = np.ones (axes, dtype=np.bool) # Controll Tranperencyalpha = 0.9 # Control colourcolors = np.empty (axes + [4], dtype=np.float32) colors [0] = [1,0,0, alpha] # redcolors [1] = [0,1,0, alpha] # greencolors [2] = [0,0,1, alpha] # bluecolors [3] = [1,1,0] Alpha] # yellowcolors [4] = [1,1,1, alpha] # grey # Plot figurefig = plt.figure () ax = fig.add_subplot (111111projection='3d') # Voxels is used to customizations of# the sizes, positions and colors.ax.voxels (data, facecolors=colors, edgecolors='grey')
Each side of the cube has different colors:
Import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as np def generate_rubik_cube (nx, ny, nz): "" generate a Rubik's cube of specified size according to input: param nx:: param ny:: param nz:: return: "# prepare some coordinates n_voxels = np.ones ((nx + 2, ny + 2, nz + 2) Dtype=bool) # generate gap size = np.array (n_voxels.shape) * 2 filled_2 = np.zeros (size-1, dtype=n_voxels.dtype) filled_2 [:: 2,: 2,: 2,: 2] = n_voxels # narrow the gap # build a matrix of voxels vertex control grids # x, y, z are all 6x6x8 For the voxels mesh, 3x3x4 small squares, a total of 6x6x8 vertices. # here / / 2 is the essence. Convert the index range from [0 1 2 3 4 5] to [0 0 1 1 22] so that the vertex range x, y, z = np.indices (np.array (filled_2.shape) + 1) .astype (float) / / 2 # 3x6x6x8 of each square can be set separately. Among them, x _ :]-= 0.94 y [:,-1,:]-= 0.94 z [:,:,-1]-= 0.94 # remove leftovers filled_2 [0,0,:] = 0 filled_2 [0,-1,:] = 0 filled_2 [- 1,0,:] = 0 filled_2 [- 1,:] = 0 filled_2 [:, 0 0] = 0 filled_2 [:, 0,-1] = 0 filled_2 [:,-1, 0] = 0 filled_2 [:,-1,-1] = 0 filled_2 [0,:, 0] = 0 filled_2 [0,:,-1] = 0 filled_2 [- 1,:, 0] = 0 filled_2 [- 1,: -1] = 0 # give different colors to the six sides of the Rubik's cube colors = np.array (['# ffd400', "# fffffb", "# f47920", "# d71345", "# 145b7d", "# 45b97c"]) facecolors = np.full (filled_2.shape,'# 77787b') # set a gray tone # facecolors = np.zeros (filled_2.shape, dtype='U7') facecolors [:,: -1] = colors [0] # Yellow facecolors [:,:, 0] = colors [1] # White facecolors [:, 0,:] = colors [2] # left orange facecolors [:,-1,:] = colors [3] # right red facecolors [0,:,:] = colors [4] # pre-blue facecolors [- 1,: :] = colors [5] # back green ax = plt.figure (). Add_subplot (projection='3d') ax.voxels (x, y, z, filled_2, facecolors=facecolors) plt.show () if _ _ name__ ='_ _ main__': generate_rubik_cube (4,4,4)
Color perspective cube:
From _ future__ import divisionimport numpy as npfrom mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3Dfrom mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d import Poly3DCollectionfrom matplotlib.pyplot import figure, showdef quad (plane='xy', origin=None, width=1, height=1, depth=0): U, v = (0,0) if origin is None else origin plane= plane.lower () if plane= = 'xy': vertices = (u, v, depth), (u + width, v, depth) (U + width, v + height, depth), (u, v + height, depth)) elif plane = 'xz': vertices = (u, depth, v), (u + width, depth, v), (u + width, depth, v + height), (u, depth) V + height)) elif plane = 'yz': vertices = ((depth, u, v), (depth, u + width, v), (depth, u + width, v + height), (depth, u) V + height) else: raise ValueError ('"{0}" is not a supported planetellum. Format (plane)) return np.array (vertices) def grid (plane='xy', origin=None, width=1, height=1, depth=0, width_segments=1, height_segments=1): u, v = (0,0) if origin is None else origin wrapx, hype = width / width_segments Height / height_segments quads = [] for i in range (width_segments): for j in range (height_segments): quads.append (quad (plane, (I * wattx + u, j * hogy + v), wimpx, houry, depth) return np.array (quads) def cube (plane=None, origin=None, width=1, height=1, depth=1 Width_segments=1, height_segments=1, depth_segments=1): plane = (('+ x,'- x,'+ y,'- y,'- z,'+ z,'- z') if plane is None else [p.lower () for p in plane]) u, v, w = (0,0,0) if origin is None else origin washes, hashes, dudes = width_segments Height_segments, depth_segments grids = [] if'- z' in plane: grids.extend (grid ('xy', (u, w), width, depth, v, winters, dudes)) if' + z' in plane: grids.extend (grid ('xy', (u, w), width, depth, v + height, winters, dudes) if'-y'in plane: grids.extend (grid ('xz') (U, v), width, height, w, winters, hacks)) if'+ y' in plane: grids.extend (grid ('xz', (u, v), width, height, w + depth, wafers, hacks)) if'-x'in plane: grids.extend ('yz', (v), depth, height, u, dudes) If'+ x'in plane: grids.extend (grid ('yz', (w, v), depth, height, u + width, dudes, hacks)) return np.array (grids) canvas = figure () axes = Axes3D (canvas) quads = cube (width_segments=4, height_segments=4, depth_segments=4) # You can replace the following line by whatever suits you. Here, we compute# each quad colour by averaging its vertices positions.RGB = np.average (quads, axis=-2) # Setting + xz and-xz plane faces to black.RGB [RGB [..., 1] = = 0] = 0RGB [RGB [..., 1] = 1] = Adding an alpha value to the colour array.RGBA = np.hstack ((RGB, np.full ((RGB.shape [0], 1), .85)) collection = Poly3DCollection (quads) collection.set_color (RGBA) axes.add_collection3d (collection) show ()
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