Case Analysis of Visual C++ 2005
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Visual C++ 2005 will provide system and application developers for Windows and the. NET Framework with more features and fine-grained controls than earlier versions, and key improvements are planned in all areas of the product, including the language, compiler, and core libraries.
These enhancements will enable C++ developers to work more effectively with CLR, optimize code performance, work with 64-bit Windows, and improve application security. In addition, Visual C++ 2005 will enable developers to build native C++ applications for mobile devices directly in the Visual Studio 2005 IDE.
With Visual C++. NET versions 2002 and 2003, managed extensions enable developers to explicitly leverage the CLR and. NET Framework. In Visual C++ 2005, existing managed extension syntax will continue to be fully supported. In addition, Visual C++ will provide extended support for the CLR and. NET Framework with powerful new features and a more elegant syntax for writing managed code. This syntax is now being ECMA standardized as a C++ binding to the ECMA Standardized Common Language Infrastructure (CLI). This new syntax will be called C++/CLI.
The C++/CLI subset of the C++ language will primarily be implemented in Visual C++ 2005 and will provide many new features for Visual C++ developers. C++ developers will be able to write. NET connected applications using true C++ programming paradigms for the *** th time. For example, C++ templates and C++ style deterministic termination are enabled for code and data managed by CLR and garbage collector. In addition, C++/CLI provides many CLR programming paradigms for C++, including generic CLR implementations.
C++/CLI also simplifies the way managed data types are defined and used. The new standard introduces keywords that are more intuitive to C++ developers than the underline-underscore keyword of the current managed extension. In C++/CLI, the ref keyword is used to define garbage collection classes in a manner similar to the managed extension__gc keyword:
ref class MyRefClass { /* ... */ };
In addition, C++/CLI introduces a new type, handle, to indicate the use of automatic garbage collection. Handles borrow the syntax of pointers, but use the plus character (^) instead of the asterisk (*). The keyword gcnew is used to create the garbage collection object described above and returns a handle:
MyRefClass ^ c = gcnew MyRefClass();
With C++/CLI, developers will also be able to incorporate traditional C++ style deterministic termination for handle types. This means that reference types can be selectively instantiated as objects using normal C++ stack allocation syntax. This way, the object automatically calls its destructor when it goes out of scope. This feature enables programming styles that are not available in other CLR-oriented languages.
In addition to C++/CLI support, the Visual C++ compiler will provide several code generation enhancements for CLR-oriented code. These enhancements include the ability to specify "pure" images that do not contain native x86 instructions, and "safe" images that pass CLR validation. Moreover, the Visual C++ 2005 compiler optimizes MSIL better than other managed languages.
One of the many enhancements planned for the C++ compiler in Visual C++ 2005 is Profile Guided Optimizations (POGO). POGO technology enables compilers to measure various data about applications and gather information about how applications are used at runtime. This information enables Visual C++ to further optimize generated code based on real-world application usage patterns.
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