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IP is called the network protocol, the full name Internet Protocol,IP protocol belongs to the network layer protocol, is for the network to connect and communicate with each other.

Mailing address:

V IP address: is a logical address, variable address, a total of 32Bit.

V MAC address: is a physical address, burned in the hardware, immutable, a total of 42Bit.

Note: IP addresses are used for global communication (different network segments), while MAC addresses are used for local communications (the same network segment)

IP address format: dotted decimal, IP address consists of 32-bit binary numbers, easy to remember and convert to decimal.

IP address classification:

Class A: 1 '126 Mask: 255.0.0.0

Class B: 128 '191 Mask: 255.255.0.0

Class C: 192 mask: 255.255.255.0

Class D: for Multicast

Category E: used to retain scientific research

Private address:

Category A: 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255

Mask: 255.0.0.0

Category B: 172.16.0.05172.31.255.255

Mask: 255.255.0.0

Class C: 192.168.0.05192.168.255.255

Mask: 255.255.255.0

Note: private address is to meet the needs of internal users, in order to solve the problem of insufficient IPV4 address.

The base consists of a set of digital symbols and cardinality and bit weights.

V cardinality refers to the number of digits used in seed production by carry counting.

V-bit weight refers to the unit value corresponding to each fixed position in the carry system.

Conversion between decimal and binary

Decimal to binary: the remainder of dividing a decimal number by binary, and writing it backwards is a binary number.

Example: decimal 53 is converted to binary bit 110101.

Binary to decimal: marks the position of the binary number, which is the power of 2 when the position is 1, and then the calculated numbers can be added.

Example: the binary number 110101 is converted to the decimal number 53.

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