What is Kubernetes?
This article mainly explains "what is Kubernetes". The content of the explanation is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn "what is Kubernetes".
Kubernetes is a container cluster management system and an open source platform, which can realize automatic deployment, automatic expansion, maintenance and other functions of container cluster.
Through Kubernetes you can:
Rapid deployment of applications
Rapid expansion of applications
Seamless docking of new application functions
Save resources and optimize the use of hardware resources
Our goal is to promote an ecosystem of components and tools to reduce the burden of applications running in public or private clouds.
Characteristics of Kubernetes
Portable: supports public cloud, private cloud, hybrid cloud, multiple cloud (multi-cloud)
Extensible: modular, plug-in, mountable, combinable
Automation: automatic deployment, automatic restart, automatic replication, automatic scaling / expansion
Kubernetes is founded and managed by Google2014 and is an open source version of Borg, a large-scale container management technology of Google10 for many years.
Whycontainers?
Why use containers? Through the comparison of the following two pictures:
Why the Kubernetes container?
The traditional way of application deployment is to install the application through plug-ins or scripts. The disadvantage of this is that the operation, configuration, management and all lifecycles of the application will be bound to the current operating system, which is not conducive to the upgrade, update / rollback of the application. Of course, some functions can also be achieved by creating a virtual machine, but the virtual machine is very heavy and is not conducive to portability.
The new way is to deploy containers, each container is isolated from each other, each container has its own file system, the processes between containers will not affect each other, and computing resources can be distinguished. Compared with virtual machines, containers can be deployed quickly. Because containers are decoupled from underlying facilities and machine file systems, they can be migrated between different clouds and different versions of operating systems.
Containers take up less resources and deploy quickly. Each application can be packaged into a container image. The one-to-one relationship between each application and the container also gives the container a greater advantage. Using containers can create container images for applications at the build or release stage, because each application does not need to be combined with the rest of the application stack and does not rely on the infrastructure of the production environment. This makes it possible to provide a consistent environment from research and development to testing and production. Similarly, containers are lighter and more "transparent" than virtual machines, which is easier to monitor and manage. Last,
Summary of container advantages:
Quickly create / deploy applications: container images are easier to create than VM virtual machines.
Continuous development, integration, and deployment: provide reliable and frequent container image build / deployment, using fast and easy rollback (due to image immutability).
Separation of development and running: create container images during the build or release phase to decouple the application from the infrastructure.
Development, test, and production environment consistency: consistency that runs locally or externally (production environment).
Cloud platform or other operating system: can run in Ubuntu, RHEL, CoreOS, on-prem, GoogleContainerEngine, or any other environment.
Looselycoupled, distributed, resilient, and microserviced: applications are divided into smaller, independent components that can be dynamically deployed and managed.
Resource isolation
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