Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

Deploy DNS services

Dns (domain name system) domain name system: domain name resolution

Early use of hosts files to resolve domain names

C disk-windows--system32--drivers--etc-hosts file

1.1. Domain name spatial structure

High and low tree structure

Root domain "."

Top-level domain net network service; edu educational institution; com company; gov government unit; mil military department; org civil society organization

Secondary domain

FQDN= hostname .dns suffix

1.2. Classification of DNS servers

Main name server: the DNS server that stores the relevant settings in the zone, which stores the original data of the zone file

Secondary name service: copying data from other servers; data bit copies cannot be modified

Master name server: provides DNS servers that tend to replicate data

Cache--only name server

1.3. Query process of DNS

Query method: recursive query (interaction with local dns server); iterative query

Query content: forward query (query IP address by domain name); response query (query domain name by IP address)

1.4. Manage DNS

1.4.1. Create a dns service on the server:

Configure the server IP address first-- create the server

1.4.2. Configure dns

Tool-- dns-- create zone-- create forward new host (A)

Alias record (CNAME)

Client authentication: cmd:nslookup hostname

Reverse recording:

Create a new pointer PTR:

1.4.3. Subdomain

Different users in the same network can be grouped into different subdomains

Create a subdomain: right-click the created region-create a new domain-name the subdomain

1.4.4. Delegation and its configuration

There are too many subdomains in the region

The bottleneck of domain name query volume

Delegate: delegate a subdomain to another server

Sub-server: create environment and new domain (sub-domain); master server create new delegation

Secondary DNS server settings: data synchronization (zone transfer)

Right-click the attribute of zone A-- Zone transfer-- Select only the following servers-- Edit-- enter the IP address of the secondary DNS server.

Assignment:

2.1.1. Dns resource record type:

Soa: defines the authoritative name servers in this domain

NS: represents the authoritative servers in a region and the primary and secondary servers defined in the SQA for that zone

A: lists the mapping of FQDN (fully qualified domain names) to IP addresses in the region

Ptr: relative to A resource records, ptr records map IP addresses to FQDN

Mx: Mail exchanger records. Provides message routing to specified mail exchange hosts

SRV: lists the servers that provide directed services

Cname: map multiple names to the same computer for easy access

The difference between subdomains and delegates

The resources of the child domain are in the files of the parent domain, and the authoritative server of the child domain is the authoritative server of the parent domain.

Delegate a separate zone file to assign a new authoritative server to the new domain

What is recursive query and iterative query

Recursive query: the result obtained by the client can only be success or failure

Iterative query: the DNS server returns the correct address if the client requests data; if there is no request, it returns a pointer

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