Shell awk sed tr grep Syntax Summary

Basic syntax of tr

-c # replaces this character set with a complement to the character set in string 1, requiring the character set to be ASCII

-d # Delete all input characters in string 1

-s # removes all recurring character sequences, leaving only the first one: compressing the recurring string into a single string

A string of characters in [amurz] # amerz

A string of characters in [Amurz] # Amurz

[0-9] # numeric string

\ octal # A three-digit octal number that corresponds to a valid ASCII character

[Olymn] # indicates that the character O is repeated a specified number of times n. So [Olympian 2] matches the string of OO

Expression of specific control characters in tr\ a Ctrl-G\ 007 # ringtone

\ b Ctrl-H\ 010 # backspace character

\ f Ctrl-L\ 014 # go to change pages

\ n Ctrl-J\ 012 # New Line

\ r Ctrl-M\ 015 # enter

\ t Ctrl-I\ 011 # tab key

\ v Ctrl-X\ 030 tr Amurz Amurz # convert all uppercase to lowercase letters

Tr "\ n" # replace spaces with line breaks

Tr-s "[012]"

< plan.txt # 删除空行 tr -s ["\n"] < plan.txt # 删除空行 tr -s "[\015]" "[\n]" < file # 删除文件中的^M，并代之以换行 tr -s "[\r]" "[\n]" < file # 删除文件中的^M，并代之以换行 tr -s "[:]" "[\011]" < /etc/passwd # 替换passwd文件中所有冒号，代之以tab键 tr -s "[:]" "[\t]" < /etc/passwd # 替换passwd文件中所有冒号，代之以tab键 echo $PATH | tr ":" "\n" # 增加显示路径可读性 1,$!tr -d '\t' # tr在vi内使用，在tr前加处理行范围和感叹号('$'表示最后一行) tr "\r" "\n" unixfile # Mac ->

UNIX

Tr "\ n"\ r" macfile # UNIX-> Mac

Tr-d "\ r" unixfile # DOS-> UNIX Microsoft DOS/Windows convention, each line of text ends with a carriage return character (\ r) followed by a newline character (\ n)

Awk'{print $0 "\ r"} 'dosfile # UNIX-> DOS: in this case, awk is required because tr cannot insert two characters to replace a character #! / bin/sh # in the first line of the script, the script header # sh is the current system default shell, and can be specified as shell such as bash

Sh-x # execution process

Sh-n # check syntax

(a=bbk) # parentheses create a child shell to run

Basename $0 # remove the path and extension from the file name

Dirname # fetch path

$RANDOM # Random number

$# process number

Source FileName # reads and executes commands in FileName in the current bash environment. FileName

Sleep 5 # sleep interval of 5 seconds

Trap # actions to be taken after receiving the signal

Trap "" 2 3 # prohibit ctrl+c

$PWD # current directory

$HOME # Home Directory

$OLDPWD # the path to the previous directory

Cd-# returns the previous directory path

Yes # repeat Printing

Yes | rm-I * # automatically answer y or other

Ls-p / home # View all folders in the directory

Ls-d / home/ # View the full path of the match

Echo-n aa;echo bb # execute the next sentence without line wrapping

Echo-e "s\ tss\ n\ n\ n" # to make the escape effective

Echo $a | cut-c2-6 # fetch characters in a string

Echo {a _ parenthetical _ c _ c} {_ (one element in parentheses is combined with other parentheses respectively)

Echo $((2x11010)) # binary to decimal

Echo aaa | tee file # overwrite the file while printing by default-an append

Echo {1... 10} # prints 10 characters

Printf's\ n' | tr "" a # prints 10 characters

Pwd | awk-F /'{print $2}'# returns the directory name

Tac file | sed 1P 3D | tac # read the file upside down # Delete the last three lines

Tail-3 file # take the last three lines

Outtmp=/tmp/$$ `date +% s% N`.outtmp # temporary file definition

: () {: |: &};: # the famous fork × ×, the system executes a large number of processes until the system is dead

Echo-e "\ 033 [0bot 31ml\ 033 [0x 32mV\ 033 [0x 33mV\ 033 [0x 34m E\ t\ 033 [0x 35m Y\ 033 [0x 36mU\ 033 [0x 32mU\ e [m" # print color seq syntax] does not specify a starting value, the default is 1

The-s # option mainly changes the output delimiter, and the default is\ n

-w # allelic completion, that is, the width is equal and the insufficient preceding complement is 0.

-f # formatted output, which specifies the format of the print

Seq 10 100 # list 10-100

Seq 1 10 | tac # list backwards

Seq-s'+'90 100 | bc # is added from 90 to 100

Seq-f 'dir%g' 1 10 | xargs mkdir # create dir1-10

Seq-f 'dirg' 1 10 | xargs mkdir # create dir001-010

Sed sed 10q # displays the first 10 lines in the file (simulates "head")

Sed-n'$='# count rows (simulate "wc-l")

Sed-n '5Jing / ^ no/p' # prints all lines from line 5 to lines starting with no

Sed-I "/ ^ $fplash d" a # Delete matching lines

Sed-I'/ aaa/,$d' # Delete the matching line to the end

Sed-I "sCharger" / "c # replace text directly

Sed-I "/ ^ pearls/s/$/j/" # find pearls and add j at the end of the line

Sed'/ 1 file # print lines between 1 and 3

Sed-n '1p' file # fetch the specified line

Sed'5i\ aaa' file # insert a row before line 5

Sed'5a\ aaa' file # enter the line after line 5

Echo a | sed-e'/ a row I\ b'# insert a row before the matching line

Echo a | sed-e'/ a swap a\ b'# insert a row after matching lines

Echo a | sed's _ a _ &\ nb/g' # inserts a row after the matching line

Seq 10 | sed-e {1Magazine 3} s Uniqq.Universe _ _ # matches 1 and 3 line substitution

Sed-n'/ regexpqqqqump' # displays only lines that do not match regular expressions

Sed'/ regexp/d' # displays only lines that do not match regular expressions

Sed'$! Nash /\ nUniverse'# concatenates every two lines into one line

Sed'/ baz/s/foo/bar/g' # replace "foo" with "bar" only if the string "foo" appears on the line

Sed'/ BAZGUAGUBZAGUBAGUR: replace "foo" with "bar", and only if the string "baz" does not appear in the line

Echo a | sed-e's Universe GOOG'# precede a by #

Sed's Placement FooAccord 4'# replaces only the fourth string in each line

Sed's /\ (. *\) foo/\ 1barmap'# replaces the last string on each line

Sed's /\ (. *\) foo\ (. * foo\) /\ 1bar\ 2max'# replace the penultimate string

Sed's / [0-9] [0-9] $/ & 5' # add 5 after the line ending in [0-9] [0-9]

Sed-n'/ ^ eth\ | em [01] [^:] / {nstorp;}'# matches multiple keywords

Sed-n-r'/ eth | em [01] [^:] / {nstorp;}'# matches multiple keywords

Echo-e "1\ N2" | xargs-I-t sed's / ^ / 1max'{} # process multiple files at the same time

Sed'/ west/,/east/s/$/*VACA*/' # modifies all lines between west and east, adding * VACA* at the end

Sed's / [^ 1-9] *\ ([0-9]\ +\). * /\ 1Compact'# takes the first set of numbers and ignores the first 0

Sed-n'/ regexp/ {gtransf 1 match;}; h'# looks for the string and displays the previous line of the matching line, but does not show the matching line

Sed-n'/ regexp/ {ntransp;}'# looks for the string and displays the next line of the matching line, but does not show the matching line

Sed-n's /\ (mar\) got/\ 1iannemp p' # Save\ (mar\) as label 1

Sed-n's /\ ([0-9]\ +\). *\ (t\) /\ 2\ 1Universe p'# saves multiple tags

Sed-I-e '1Magazine 3d'-e's hand 1max 2max'# multiple edits (delete 1-3 lines first, replace 1 with 2)

Remove all characters after @ and blank lines after sed-e's Universe

Sed-n-e "{s / text (regular) / replaced content / p}" # replace and print out the replacement line

Sed-n-e "{s / ^ * [0-9] * / / p}" # print and delete that part of the regular expression

Echo abcd | sed 'y_ matching character substitution

A line substitution character that does not begin with the sign'2 # in sed'/ ^ # / btransact

Sed'/ suan/r read in file'# find the line containing suan and add the contents of the read file to the end

Sed-n'/ no/w write file'# find the line containing no and write to the specified file

Sed'/ regex/G' # inserts a blank line after the matching sample line

Sed'/ regex/ {x _ Tinct _ x _ X _ G;}'# insert a blank line before and after the matching sample line

Sed 'ntrandd' # Delete all even rows

Sed'Gten G' # add two blank lines after each line

Sed'/ ^ $/ dscape G' # there will be only one blank line after each line in the output text

Sed'nposit nttermitntGternThere'# add a blank line after every five lines

Sed-n '5cm 5p' # only prints multiples of line number 5

Seq 1 30 | sed '5cm 5sswap. Replace on a multiple line of "Universe Universe"

Sed-n'3, ${ptinct, n,

Parity exchange of sed-n'htern _ TX _ Gittre

Seq 1 10 | sed'1, Gentleman, leading, holding, listing, flashback

Ls-l | sed-n'/ ^ .rwx. * / p'# find files with primary permissions of 7

Sed = filename | sed'Nsmars /\ n /\ t bank'# number each line in the file (simple left alignment)

Sed's / ^ [\ t] * /'# remove the leading "white space character" (space, tab) of each line and align it to the left

Sed's / ^ [\ t] * / /; s / [\ t] * $/ /'# removes leading and trailing white space characters from each line

Echo abcd\\ nabcde | sed's /\\ nUniverse Universe G' | tr'@'\ n' # convert the newline character to newline

Cat tmp | awk'{print $1}'| sort-n | sed-n'$p'# take the maximum value of a column

Sed-n'{s / ^ [^\ /] * / /; s /\:. * /; p}'/ etc/passwd # fetch the user's home directory (match characters that are not / and match: delete all characters to the end)

Sed = filename | sed'Nsmarts / ^ / /; s / * (.\ {6,\}\)\ n /\ 1 /'# number all lines in the file (line numbers are on the left and text is aligned on the right)

/ sbin/ifconfig | sed 's/.*inet addr:\ (. *\) Bca.*/\ 1Universe g' | sed-n' / eth/ {nbot}'# take all IP modified keepalive configurations and eliminate the backend server sed-I'/ real_server.*10.0.1.158.*8888/,+8 s / ^ / # / 'keepalived.conf

Sed-I'/ real_server.*10.0.1.158.*8888/,+8 s / ^ # / / 'keepalived.conf

Imitate the rev function echo 123 | sed'/\ nUniverse Genders /\ (.\)\ (. *\ n\) / &\ 2\ 1According to the function of Dansi.

/\ nUniverse G; # does not have a newline character, so execute G because the reserved space is empty, so append a blank line in the mode space

S /\ (.\)\ (. *\ n\) / &\ 2\ 1max; # tag replacement &\ n23\ n1 $(the key is &, which can be followed by / / to match to a blank line)

The / / D; # D command causes the first part of the pattern space to be looped out. If there are remaining rows in the pattern space after deletion, the command before D is returned and re-executed. If there is nothing in the mode space after D, it will exit.

/ / D match blank line to execute D, if the previous sentence s does not match, / / can not match to the blank line, "/ / D;" command ends

After the end of # D, delete the beginning\ nawk judgment

Awk'{print ($1 > $2)? "first row" $1: "second row" $2}'# conditional judgment brackets represent if statement judgment "?" For then ":" for else

Awk'{max= ($1 > $2)? $1: $2; print max}'# condition determines that if $1 is greater than $2, the max value is $1, otherwise it is $2

Awk'{if ($6 > 50) print $1 "Too high";\

Else print "Range is OK"} 'file

Awk'{if ($6 > 50) {count++;print $3}\

Else {xylene 5; print $2}} 'file

Awk cycle

Awk'{I = 1; while (I)