Introduction to the core components and concepts of Ceph
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Monitor
A Ceph cluster requires a small cluster of multiple monitors that synchronize data via Paxos to store OSD metadata.
OSD
OSD stands for Object Storage Device, which is the process responsible for returning specific data in response to client requests. A Ceph cluster usually has many ODSs.
MDS
MDS is the full name of Ceph Metadata Server, which is a metadata service on which CephFS service depends.
Object
The lowest storage unit of Ceph is the Object object, and each Object contains metadata and raw data.
PG
PG is a logical concept, a PG contains multiple OSD. PG is introduced to better distribute data and position data.
RADOS
RADOS is the full name of Reliable Autonomous Distributed Object Store, which is the essence of Ceph cluster. Users can realize cluster operations such as data distribution and Failover.
Libradio
Librados is a Rados library, because RADOS is a protocol that is difficult to access directly, so the upper RBD, RGW and CephFS are accessed through librados, currently providing PHP, Ruby, Java, Python, C and C++ support.
CRUSH
CRUSH is a data distribution algorithm used by Ceph, similar to consistent hashing, to distribute data where it is expected.
RBD
RBD is the full name of RADOS block device, which is a block device service provided by Ceph.
RGW
RGW, full name RADOS gateway, is an object storage service provided by Ceph, and its interface is compatible with S3 and Swift.
CephFS
CephFS is a file system service provided by Ceph.
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