Network Foundation: NetBIOS

The network foundation is patched up.

Use NetBIOS name to communicate with other computers

Computers in a network must know the IP address before they can communicate with each other. But IP is difficult for people to remember, and NetBIOS computer names are easier to remember. When a computer uses the NetBIOS name to communicate with other computers, it must first find the IP address through the NetBIOS name, and then communicate through the IP address. The operation of finding an IP address from a NetBIOS name is called NetBIOS name resolution (NetBIOS name resolution).

What is the name of NetBIOS?

The NetBIOS name is a string of 16 characters in length. NetBIOS names are used in MS networks: computer name, domain name, and workgroup name.

Example of name

NetBIOS computer name: nick-os

DNS hostname: nick-os.mydomain.net

Full name of computer: with or without domain is different.

When no domain is added: nick-os

After joining the domain: nick-os.mydomain.net

Full domain name (Fully Qualified Domain Name, FQDN) or DNS name.

Nick-os.mydomain.net

(when you do not join a domain, there is no "full domain name" or "DNS name")

How to view the NetBIOS name of the current machine registration:

Nbtstat-n resolves IP addresses by NetBIOS name

There are three main ways:

1. View the NetBIOS name cache

We can also view the current NetBIOS name cache with the command:

Nbtstat-c

two。 Search for each other's IP address by broadcast (this method should be avoided as far as possible)

3. Query the WINS server directly

NetBIOS node type

All three of the above methods can resolve to an IP address, but which one will be used?

This depends on the type of NetBIOS node (node-type) used by the computer:

B-node: broadcast mode

P-node: query the WINS server directly

M-node: mixed mode of B and P (mixed). Broadcast first, and then query the WINS server if it fails.

H-node: it is also the mixed mode of B and P (hybird), but query the WINS server first. If it fails, broadcast it later.

View the NetBIOS node type:

Ipconfig / all

For WINS clients with H nodes, the complete order of NetBIOS name resolution is:

1. Check to see if the computer name you want to query is your own.

two。 Check the NetBIOS name cache.

3. Query the WINS server.

4. Send out a broadcast message.

5. Check the LMHOSTS file.

6. Check the HOSTS file or query the DNS server.

The LMHOSTS and HOSTS files are stored in the "% systemroot%\ system32\ drivers\ etc" directory.