What are the knowledge points of Linux terminal commands?

Editor to share with you what are the knowledge points of Linux terminal commands, I believe most people do not know much about it, so share this article for your reference, I hope you can learn a lot after reading this article, let's go to know it!

I. File directory class

1. Create a directory: mkdir directory name

two。 Delete empty directory: rmdir directory name

3. Unconditionally delete subdirectories: rm-rf directory name

4. Change the current directory: cd directory name (enter user home directory: cd ~; enter higher-level directory: cd -)

5. Check your own directory: pwd

6. View the current directory size: du

7. Show directory file list: ls-l (- a: add display implicit directory)

Where: blue: directory; green: executable; red: compressed file; light blue: linked file; gray: other files; red background and white word: wrong linked file

8. Browse file: more file name.txt; less filename .txt

9. Copy files: cp source files destination files (- r: include directories)

10. Find file: (1) find (2) locate command name

11. Link: (1) establish hard link: ln source file link file (- d: create directory link); (2) establish symbolic link: ln-s source file link file

two。 Driver mount class

1. Check hard disk usage: df-T-h

two。 Check the disk partition: fdisk-l

3. Mount soft and hard light zone: mount-t / dev/fdx | hdax / mnt/ directory name

Among them:: modos--FAT16;vfat--FAT32;ntfs--NTFS; optical drive-iso9660

Support Chinese name: mount-o iocharset=x / dev/hdax / mnt/ directory name (where: x=cp936 or

Mount the optical drive: mount-t auto / dev/cdrom / mnt/cdrom

Mount ISO file: mount-t iso9660-o loop xxx.iso / path

4. Unmount: umount / mnt/ directory name

Unmount all mounts: umount-a

5. Set up the file system: mkfs-t / dev/hdxx. Among them: ftype:ext2, ext3, swap, etc.

three。 Program installation class

1.RPM package installation: (1) install rpm-ivh somesoft.rpm

(2) reverse install rpm-e somefost.rpm

(3) query rpm-Q somefost or rpm-qpi somefost.rpm (where: P is not installed; I contains information)

(4) query the location after installation: rpm-ql somefost.rpm

(5) upgrade installation: rpm-Uvh somesoft.rpm

(6) mandatory installation: rpm-ivh-nodeps somesoft.rpm or rpm-ivh-nodeps-force somesoft.rpm

two。 Source code package installation:

Check README

Basic usage (1) configuration: decompress the directory. / configure

(2) compile: decompress the make in the directory

(3) installation: decompress the make install in the directory

Installation of 3.src.rpm

four。 Compression and decompression class

1.tar.gz class: (1) decompress: tar-xvzf file .tar.gz; (2) tar.gz extract to tar:gzip-d file .tar.gz (2) Compression: gzip files to be compressed

2.tar uncompressed classes: (1) unpack: tar-xvf file .tar; (2) package: tar-cvf file. Tar file list

3.zip class: (1) decompress: unzip file. Zip-d dir; (2) Compression: list of files to be compressed by zip zipfile

4.bz2 class: (1) decompress: bunzip2 file .bz2 or bzip2-d file .bz2; (2) compress: bzip2 file to be compressed

5.z class: (1) decompress: uncompress file .z; (2) compress: compress file

five。 Process control class

1. List the current process ID:ps-auxw

two。 Terminating process: (1) terminating a single process: kill process ID

(2) terminate all processes of the program: Killall program name

(3) terminate the X-Window program: xkill

3. Check the resource usage: (1) top (2) free (3) dmesg

4. View the environment variable value: env

5. Restart: (1) reboot (2) Ctrl Alt Del (3) init 6

6. Shutdown: (1) shutdown-h now (2) halt (3) init 0

7. Switch desktops: switchdesk gnome | KDE |...

six。 Program running class

1. Query command: whereis command name

two。 Run the X-Window program in the background: program name &

3. Forcibly exit the X-Window program: Ctrl Alt Backspace

4. View help:

(1) Concise help: command name-- help | less

(2) more help: man command name

(3) info command name

(4) help command name

5. View the system path: echo $PATH

6. View the current shell stack: echo $SHLVL

7.

< / >

: input / output redirection; |: the input on the left of the pipe is the right input of the pipe.

six。 User account class

1. Add user account number: (1) user name: adduser user account name (2) set password: passwd user account name

two。 Delete user account: userdel user account name

3. Add user group: groupadd user group name

4. Delete user group: groupdel user group name

5. Suspend user account: passwd-l user account name

6. Restore terminated account: passwd-u user account name

7. Permission setting

(1) chmod-a | u | g | o |-| = r | w | x file / directory name

Among them: a muri-all users (all); Umai-local users (user); gmae-user group (group); Omai-other users (other users)-

-add permissions;-delete permissions; =-set permissions

File: RMY-read-only permission (read); WMY-write permission (write); XMY-execute permission (execute)

Directory: RMY-allows files and subdirectories under the column directory; WMY-allows the generation and deletion of files under the directory; XMY-allows access to the directory

(2) chmod xxx file / directory name

Among them: execute=1;write=2;read=4 x values: 0mura-no permissions (commonly used); 1mura-can only execute (uncommon); 2mura-can only write (not common); 3mure-can only write and execute (uncommon); 4mura-read-only (common); 5Muk-read-only and execute (common); 6Mui-read and write (common); 7Mutual-read. Write and execute

VII. VI editing class

1. Enter the command mode: (1) insert I; (2) open 0; (3) modify c; (4) replace r; (5) replace s

two。 Enter full-screen editing mode after (1).

3. Command mode-- > edit mode (aploi); edit mode-- > command mode (Esc); command mode-- > last line mode (:).

4.:w/w newfile save

5.:q/q! Exit iv;:wq Save exit

eight。 Network service

1. Display network interface parameters: ifconfig

two。 Show system email: mail

3. Start / terminate the web service: httpd-k start | stop | restart

4. View network status: (1) online status: ping xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

(2) display network status: netstat, where: all sockets;-l== of options:-a== contains network devices;-nails = digital IP;-o== other information;-rpm = routing table

-t only = TCP sockets;-u== only UDP sockets;-w== only raw sockets;-x== unix Domain sockets only

nine。 Other classes

1. Display 3D information of the graphics card: glxinfo and glxgears need to use the rpmbuild command plus the-- rebuild parameter. Such as rpmbuild-- rebuild * * .src.rpm. Then look under / usr/src/

Install iso program under 2.FC3: system-config-packages-- the directory where isodir=iso is located

Install iso program under 3.RH: redhat-config-packages-- the directory where isodir=iso is located

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