Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

The overall hierarchical relationship of the computer:

Hardware layer

Kernel inner nuclear layer

Library API layer

Application, shell layer (graphical interface GUI, command line interface CLI)

Kernel functions:

Process management

Memory management

File system

Network function

Hardware driver

Security mechanism.

GE,Bell,MIT jointly developed Multics (the earliest large operating system) in assembly language on MainFrame machines.

Ken Tomlinson

Space Travel game application, running on PDP-7, requires an operating system

DEC:

PDP-11 machine PDP-7

VAX machine à vms

Unics à Unix

B language à C language

Bill 喜悦: set up the BSRG organization

BSD: Berkeley System Distribution

System V (Bell Lab acquired independent from AT&T)

CP/M

81 Microsoft,Xenix

Bill Gates, which is modelled on the system developed by CP/M, bought it for 5w $, modified it and named it DOS

Jobs (apple 1, 2 Unix)

Xerox: photocopier

PARK Lab unix developed in addition to the world's first mouse and the first graphical interface-based operating system.

FreeBSD the first Unix in the world that can run on a PC

OpenBSD focuses on security

NetBSD focuses on the network

Bill 喜悦 founded Sun MicoSystem

Produces minicomputers and owns the operating system Sun OS

Sun OS à Solaris (Unix)

CSH (a very popular Shell)

Windows NT is based on vms and has the function of Server. XP 2000 is developed on the basis of NT.

A professor of Andrew in the Netherlands developed Minix himself in the later stage of teaching using Unix.

Linus could not add its own driver to Minix and decided to write its own operating system

Linus à Linux

Riched Stallman, who advocated Freedom, launched the communist movement of the program.

GNU: GNU is Not Unix

GPL:General Public License GPL Declaration

Emacs: text editor

Gcc: GNU C Compiler

What Linus provides is only the kernel of Linux

Glibc (Linux Library), gcc (Linux Compiler)

Source code: C à compiled into binary code

ABI: Application Binary Interface

Release version, publisher release

RedHat

SLS

Debian is based entirely on the community model.

Ubuntu

The second release of Mint based on Ubuntu

SUSE à is acquired by Novell, OpenSUSE,SUSE is based on SLS

Software Manager

Debian,dpt

RedHat,rpm

Freedom:

Free access, free modification, free learning

Open source software organization

BSD

Apache

CentOS:Community Enterprise OS

Fedora: personal version based on RedHat

Mandriva: mainly for personal desktops

Linux:0.1 1.0 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.0

The release version of RHEL 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0

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